初级摄影技巧（2)

景深（Depth Of Field)
景深和光圈有着很大的关系就是说光圈的数字越小，光圈大，景深浅。反而光圈的数字越大，光圈小，景深也就深.

ISO(感光度）
50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200

ISO低，在户外，太阳下 ISO高，在户内，夜晚

感光度（ISO)指的是感光体对光线感受的能力

感光度越高（ISO越高）时，拍摄时所需要的光线就越少

感光度越低时，对拍摄时所需要的光线就越多

快门（Shutter)
1/1000 1/500 1/250 1/125 1/60 1/30 1/15 1/8 1/4 1/2 1

籍由控制快门的开关速度，来决定底片接受光线的时间才短

快门越慢，接受光线就越多

快门越快，自然的接受光线就越少

焦距（Focal length)

-The focal length of a lens is defined as the distance in mm form the optical center of the lens to the focal point, which is located on the sensor or film if the subject(at infinity)is "in focus".

*Wide-angle lenses exaggerates perspective, while telephoto lenses compresses the forground and background.
(广角镜会夸张并透视所拍的画面，而远视效果镜头会压缩前景与背景）

Telephoto Lens(远摄效果镜头）can compress the foreground and background

Telephoto lenses give the opposite effect of wide-angle lenses. Foreground and background objects look closer together. In the photo above, the birds look much closer together than they really are. It sort of flattens the image and makes it look like there are many more birds.

构图与思考 　　

对于摄影有一定了解的用户来说，都清楚明白准确构图的重要性。如：若不是拍摄特写，一般应把主体放在画面的1/3处，同时尽量避开杂乱的背景，从特别的视角来拍摄，尽量捕捉物体的细节与个性，利用一些斜线或曲线的背景构图会让整体画面看上去更为生动。